The 13th of President Wilson's Fourteen issues of 1918 learn: "An self sustaining Polish nation can be erected which should still comprise the territories inhabited by means of surely Polish populations, which will be guaranteed a loose and safe entry to the ocean, and whose political and financial independence and territorial integrity might be assured via overseas covenant." Ever because the 3rd Partition in 1795 introduced Polish independence to an finish, nationalists had sought the recovery in their nation, and the Paris Peace convention of 1919 did certainly produce the fashionable Polish kingdom. The Western Allies observed a revived Poland as either a counter to German strength and a barrier to the westward growth of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia—a position the Polish military fulfilled via defeating a Soviet invasion in 1920. yet stuck among powers and composed of territory taken from either one of them, Poland was once susceptible, and in 1939 it was once divided up among the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. the top profile Polish consultant on the convention used to be the pianist and flesh presser Ignacy Paderewski (1860-1941), the "most recognized Pole within the world", whose photograph had performed a lot to advertise the Polish reason within the West. yet he used to be joined by way of the altogether much less romantic determine of Roman Dmowski (1864-1939), whose anti-Semitic attractiveness Paderewski took pains to distance himself from whilst looking help within the United States.